Preventive Medicine Treatment
The most effective and cost-effective way to combat disease is to take preventive measures before it strikes. In this sense, preventive medicine is the use of medical intervention and suggestion to prevent diseases that may arise.
Preventive Health Service
It covers pre-disease health services that will minimize or prevent the risk, severity and duration of possible future illness and disability, diagnose and treat the disease in the early period of the disease before the symptoms of the disease that the patient is not aware of appear.
Preventive health services are divided into two as preventive health services for the person and preventive health services for the environment.
Person-oriented health services:
Immunization: It is the most effective way to protect against infectious diseases and prevent their mortality and morbidity. Routine immunization has led to a 90% or more reduction in cases of measles, mumps, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome, polio, diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis, especially in children.
Drug Protection: This is especially true for diseases for which there is no vaccine.
Early Diagnosis: Important for ease and success of treatment.
Nutrition: It is the basic and preparatory reason underlying many diseases. For example: tuberculosis.
Family Planning: The health of women who give birth frequently is at risk.
Health Education: Aims to make people aware that they are responsible for their own health. Staying healthy is largely achieved through patient education.
Personal Hygiene.
Environmental health services:
Provision of adequate and clean drinking water: The vast majority of the population living in cities benefit from municipal water. Chlorination, maintenance and repair of municipal water should be monitored. In rural areas, where there is no municipal water supply, people draw water directly from wells and streams. Since it is not possible to chlorinate these water sources, it is necessary to check whether they are healthy.
Waste control: Proper collection, removal and treatment of municipal solid waste, industrial solid waste, hospital waste and hazardous waste should be monitored.
Food hygiene: Food control is carried out by people from different professional groups such as chemical engineers, agricultural engineers, food engineers, veterinarians, pharmacists, doctors, medical technologists, food technicians, chemists, microbiologists, biologists, veterinary health technicians, health college graduates; under the management of different ministries such as the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and institutions such as municipalities and Turkish Standards Institute. In food enterprises, it is inspected whether there are pesticides, veterinary drugs, hormones, anabolizers, feed and fertilizer contamination in food raw materials, pests, parasites, toxin formation due to microbiological deterioration in storage, additives, auxiliary substances, derivative residues in the production of food products, displacement of packaging materials and additives in packaged foods, false and incomplete label declaration. In places of mass food consumption, lack of health information in food preparation and lack of attention to healthy conditions in service are the main problems.
Shelter hygiene: Housing areas should be planned in areas that allow air flow, receive sunlight and are not at risk against natural disasters. Contagious diseases, psychological disorders and home accidents occur more easily in buildings that are not suitable for health conditions. Settlements with sewage problems facilitate epidemics transmitted through the digestive tract.
Fight against air pollution and noise: The two main causes of air pollution are rapid urbanization and uncontrolled industrialization. Air pollution (in terms of sulfur dioxide, suspended particles, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ozone) is monitored with devices in the provinces. Time loss, noise and air pollution caused by unresolved transportation problems are important problems in big cities. The lack of parking lots further complicates these problems.
Vector control Vector control is included in environmental services, a group of preventive health services. The most important aim of pest control is to ensure a healthy environment in cities. Therefore, the importance of environmental health is one of the cornerstones of pest control. Pests cause a continuous transfer between living things due to the infectious diseases they carry as vectors to different hosts. Especially mosquitoes and houseflies, which are called urban pests, are the pests with the highest risk of transmitting diseases. Therefore, mosquitoes and flies have an important place in the fight against urban pests. Apart from these, cockroaches, fleas and rats are also important pests. The most important reason for the fight against urban pests should be the effort to prevent vector diseases. Vector-borne diseases, which have threatened mankind for centuries, continue to be a problem in many countries, including developed countries, and threaten human health.
